This syllabus is under construction


 
THE ISRAELI-PALESTINIAN CONFLICT                                                     DR. ARNOLD LEDER
Political Science 4315

Course Title: THE ISRAELI-PALESTINIAN CONFLICT: HISTORICAL MEMORY, IDENTITY, & NATIONALISM
 

Department Of Political Science/Texas State University
The online version of this syllabus can be accessed @ arnoldleder.com

e-mail address: al04@txstate.edu
Office: ELA 335
Office Hours: TBA & by appointment

Selected Web Resources For Texas State University
Texas State University Library
Locating Periodicals @ Texas State University Library
Citation & Bibliographic Styles & Related Information

Selected Web Resources For Political Science
Portals to the World Home Page (Library of Congress)
Internet Political Science Resources-Extensive University Links/University Of Michigan
TheWWW Virtual Library:International Affairs Resources
The Ultimate Political Science Links Page


COURSE ORGANIZATION & STUDENT RESPONSIBILITIES
Please see: Academic Honesty Statement/Student Handbook/Texas State University San Marcos
An excerpt from this statement can be found at the end of this syllabus.

Class Participation, Oral Presentations, Exams, Papers, Grades
1. This course will be conducted as a seminar.  Students must attend every class meeting and be prepared to discuss assigned readings and other materials.  Active participation in class discussion is essential.  Course grades will be determined by oral presentations, class participation, and written papers.
2. Determinants of Course Grade: Oral Reports & Presentations 25%/ Seminar Participation 15%/ Essay Exams/Papers 60%

Attendance
1. Three (3) unexcused absences are permitted.  Students with four (4) unexcused absences will have their course grade lowered by one letter grade.  Students who have five (5) unexcused absences will have their course grade lowered by two letter grades.  No absences beyond five (5) for any reason are permitted.  Any student who has more than five absences is likely to fail the course and, therefore, should withdraw from the course.
2. The instructor for the course is not responsible for bringing students who have missed class "up-to-date" on missed material.  Each student has the responsibility to remain current with respect to class material.

Note On Course & Syllabus Materials: Students may find books, articles, links, websites, and other materials provided in this syllabus useful and of interest. Their listing in this syllabus, including those which are required and recommended, does not necessarily indicate endorsement of or agreement with any views or positions on any issues found in these materials, websites, or on other sites to which they may provide links.

COURSE DESCRIPTION
This course is an introduction to the origins, politics, and development of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.

PURPOSE OF COURSE
This course is designed to familiarize students with the issues of historical memory, identity, and national consciousness in the Israeli and Palestinian communities.  These issues will be examined within the framework of broader theoretical literature on nationalism and the construction of national identity.

REQUIRED BOOKS
Jonathan Adelman/The Rise of Israel: A History of a Revolutionary State (Routledge 2008)
Hillel Cohen, Army of Shadows: Palestinian Collaboration with Zionism, 1917-1948 (University of California Press 2008 -translated from the 2004 original by Haim Watzman)
Adeed Dawisha/Arab Nationalism In The Twentieth Centrury: From Triumph to Despair (Princeton Univ. 2003)
Bernard Lewis/The Multiple Identites of the Middle East (Schocken 1998)/Paperback
Itamar Rabinovich/Waging Peace: Israel and the Arabs 1948-2003 [Revised ed.]/(Princeton Univ. 2004)/Paperback
Mark Tessler/A History Of The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict (Indiana Univ. 1994)/Paperback
Yael Zerubavel/Recovered Roots: Collective Memory and the Making of Israeli National Tradition (Chicago Univ. 1995)/Paperback
Ruth R. Wisse/Jews and Power (Nextbook/Schocken 2007)

MATERIALS AT RESERVE READINGS DESK/Texas State University Library
Anthony Marx, Faith in Nation, Chapters 1 & 7.
Anita Shapira, Land and Power: The Zionist Resort to Force 1881-1948, Chapter 1 "The Birth of a National Ethos" (pp.1-52.).

Recommended Books
Anthony Marx/Faith in Nation: Exclusionary Origins Of Nationalism (Oxford Univ. 2003)/Paperback
Anita Shapira/Land and Power: The Zionist Resort to Force 1881-1948 (Stanford Univ. 1992)/Paperback

Required & Recommended Articles & Other Readings Are Listed in the Appropriate Sections of the Syllabus
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THE ISRAELI-PALESTINIAN CONFLICT: HISTORICAL MEMORY, IDENTITY, & NATIONALISM
Overview Of Course
Topics
I. Historical Memory, Identity, & National Consciousness: An Overview
II. The Question of Identity in the Middle East
III. Israeli Identity
IV. Palestinian Identity
V. The Conflict: An Historical Perspective
VI. Jerusalem (Yerushaleyem/al-Quds)
VII. The Conflict After 1967
VIII. Additional Dimensions Of The Conflict

TOPICS FOR READING, ORAL & WRITTEN REPORTS, & DISCUSSION

I. Historical Memory, Identity, & National Consciousness: An Overview
Readings:
Books
Anthony Marx, Faith in Nation, Chapters 1 & 7.
These chapters of the Marx book are available @ the RESERVE READINGS DESK/Texas State University Library.
Adeed Dawisha, Arab Nationalism In The Twentieth Century, pp. 52 through 64.
Yael Zerubavel, Recovered Roots, Preface, Introduction, & Chapter 1.
Articles
James McPherson, "Southern Comfort", The New York Review of Books, April 12, 2001.
Richard Vinen, "Electric Koran", London Review of Books, 7 June 2001
This article can be viewed @ http://www.arnoldleder.com/readings/index.html
Scroll to the section on the "Arab-Israeli Conflict" and look for the author and title of this article.  This location is password protected.  Password and user name for access will be provided to students in the course.

Fintan O'Toole, "Lesser Evils" (Review Of Ireland's HolyWars: The Struggle For A Nation's Soul,1500-2000 byMarcus Tanner Yale University Press) The New Republic, August 19 & 26, 2002. O'Toole challenges the book's "misleading" title and the conventional view held by Tanner that religious identity is at the root of the Irish conflict.  In O'Toole's words: "What Ireland shows, again and again, is how the meaning of religious identity changes under the pressure of political and economic forces."  Consider O'Toole's view in the light of  Anthony Marx's treatment of the relationship between religion and nationalism.
For full online access to this article go to Locating Periodicals @ Texas State University Library.  A valid Texas StateUniversity User Name and password are required.

Jerry Z. Muller/Us and Them: The Enduring Power of Ethnic Nationalism/Foreign Affairs March-April 2008

II. The Question of Identity in the Middle East
Readings: Bernard Lewis, The Multiple Identities of the Middle East, the entire book.

Jonathan Wilson/Ancestral Journeys/NYT Sunday Book Review July 6, 2008 A review of Origins: A Memoir by Amin Maalouf (Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2008)
“Barely a hundred years ago, Lebanese Christians readily proclaimed themselves Syrian, Syrians looked to Mecca for a king, Jews in the Holy Land called themselves Palestinian ... and my grandfather Botros liked to think of himself as an Ottoman citizen,” he writes. “None of the present-day Middle Eastern states existed, and even the term ‘Middle East’ hadn’t been invented. The commonly used term was ‘Asian Turkey.’ (boldface added)
From Amin Maalouf's book.  See
Origins: A Memoir. Go to "Search inside this book" and type in the words "Jews in the Holy Land called themselves Palestinian" (without the quotation marks).  This line and the cited passage above are found on page 211 of Maalouf's book.  The passage is cited in Jonathan Wilson's NYT review of Maalouf's book.
See also: Alexander Star/Liberalism in the Levant?Slate June 16, 2008

III. Israeli Identity
1. Jewish History & the Emergence of Modern Political Zionism
Readings:
Books
Ruth R. Wisse/Jews and Power (Nextbook/Schocken 2007) For review essays on Ruth Wisse's book, see: Bret Stephens/Against Weakness/Commentary, September, 2007
The complete text of Bret Stephens' review in Commentary
can be accessed @ Locating Periodicals @ Texas State University Library  A valid Texas State University User Name and Password are required.
Anthony Julius/A People and a Nation/NYT Sunday Book Review September 02, 2007 - review of:  Ruth R. Wisse/Jews and Power (Nextbook/Schocken 2007)
See also: Scott Medintz/Power Failure: Ruth Wisse takes on anti-Semitism and Jewish discomfort with being in charge/Nextbook August 17, 2007.
Read the Prologue to
Ruth R. Wisse/Jews and Power and this excerpt from the book.

Mark Tessler, A History Of The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, pp. 1-5 & pp. 7-68.
Anita Shapira, Land and Power: The Zionist Resort to Force 1881-1948, Chapter 1 "The Birth of a National Ethos" (pp.1-52.).
This chapter of the Shapira book is available @ the RESERVE READINGS DESK/Texas State University Library.
Articles
Hedva Ben-Israel, Zionism and European Nationalisms: Comparative Aspects, Israel Studies, Spring 2003, Vol. 8, No. 1.
For full online access to the article by Hedva Ben-Israel go to Locating Periodicals @ Texas State University Library.  A valid Texas StateUniversity User Name and password are required.
David Hazony/Virtually Normal: Is Israel like any other country?(with photos of posters)/The New Republic, June 11, 2008, Vol. 238, No. 4, 837, pp. 26-29
Persistent link to this article @ Texas State University library: http://libproxy.txstate.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=f5h&AN=32165577&site=ehost-live
A valid Texas State University User Name and Password are required.

Ruth Gavson, "The Jews' Right To Statehood: A Defense", Azure Summer 2003  @  http://www.jafi.org.il/education/azure/15/15-gavison.html
Joseph Dan/Jewish Sovereignty as a Theological Problem/Azure/Winter (pdf) - Scroll to link for full text.
Mark Lilla/The End of Politics/The New Republic/June 23 2003
For full online access to the article by Mark Lilla go to Locating Periodicals @ Texas State University Library.  A valid Texas StateUniversity User Name and password are required.
Martin Peretz/The God That Did Not Fail/The New Republic/September 8 1997
For full online access to the article by Martin Peretz go to Locating Periodicals @ Texas State University Library.  A valid Texas StateUniversity User Name and password are required.
Steven Menashi/Conflicts Religious and Secular (A Review Essay on Arthur Hertzberg, The Fate of Zionism:A Secular Future for Israel and Palestine)/Policy Review/August & September 2004
2. Collective Memory & the Making of Israeli National Tradition
Readings:
Books
Yael Zerubavel, Recovered Roots, Chapters 2 through 11.
Articles
Yael Zerubavel, "The Mythological Sabra and Jewish Past: Trauma, Memory, and Contested Identities", Israel Studies, Summer 2002, Vol. 7, Issue 2.
For full online access to this Zerubavel article go to Locating Periodicals @ Texas State University Library
Anita Shapira/Hirbet Hizah:Between Remembrance and Forgetting/Jewish Social Studies/Fall 2000 Vol. 7 No. 1.
Anita Shapira/From the Palmach Generation to the Candle Children: Changing Patterns in Israeli Identity/Partisan Review/October 2000.

Israel as a revolutionary state: Jonathan Adelman/The Rise of Israel: A History of a Revolutionary State (the entire book)

See also: Lydia Aran/Inventing Tibet/ Commentary, January 2009,Vol.127, No. 1, pp. 38-41. 


IV. Palestinian Identity
1. The Emergence & Development of Arab & Palestinian Nationalism
Readings:
Books
Mark Tessler, A History Of The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, pp. 1-5 (revisited) & pp. 69-126.
Adeed Dawisha, Arab Nationalism In The Twentieth Century, Chapters 1 through 5 & Chapters 9 through 11.
(Recommended only: Dawisha, Chapters 6, 7, 8.)
Articles
Martin Kramer/Arab Nationalism: Mistaken Identity/Daedalus/Summer 1993 pp. 171-206.
2. Building A Palestinian National Consciousness
Readings:
Benny Morris/The Tangled Truth/The New Republic, May 7, 2008, Vol. 238, No. 4, 835, pp. 42-48. A Review of Army of Shadows: Palestinian Collaboration with Zionism, 1917-1948 (University of California Press 2008 -translated from the 2004 original by Haim Watzman) by Hillel Cohen
"This Islamism colored the Palestinian national movement from its conception.
...  Most historians ... locate the birth of Palestinian Arab nationalism in the 1920s (and the start of general Arab nationalism only a few years before). But for years thereafter, Palestinian Arab nationalism remained the purview of middle- and upper-class families. Most peasants, and perhaps many among the urban poor as well -- together, some 80 percent of the Palestine Arabs -- lacked political consciousness or a "national" ideology. The masses could be periodically stirred to action by religious rhetoric (Islam certainly touched them to the quick), but this failed to bind them in a protracted political engagement, ..."
Read Chapter 1 of Army of Shadows: "Utopia and Its Collapse" (pdf)
For a review essay on Benny Morris' 2008 book, 1948 A History of the First Arab-Israeli War, see:
Efraim Karsh/The Fight Over '1948'/The New York Sun May 1, 2008 a review of 1948 A History of the First Arab-Israeli War (Yale University Press) by Benny Morris.
For Efraim Karsh's view of the realities of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, including 1948 and preceding events and developments, see:
Efraim Karsh/1948, Israel, and the Palestinians - The True Story/Commentary, May 2008
Efraim Karsh's May, 2008 article in Commentary may be accessed directly at this location.
The fully annotated text version of this article can be viewed at this location.
This article may be accessed @ Locating Periodicals @ Texas State University Library. A valid Texas State University User Name and Password are required. 

Diana Muir/"A Land without a People for a People without a Land"/Middle East Quarterly, Spring, 2008, Vol. XV: No. 2

"A land without a people for a people without a land is one of the most oft-cited phrases in the literature of Zionism—and perhaps also the most problematic. Anti-Zionists cite the phrase as a perfect encapsulation of the fundamental injustice of Zionism: that early Zionists believed Palestine was uninhabited that they denied—and continue to reject—the existence of a distinct Palestinian culture, and even as evidence that Zionists always planned on an ethnic cleansing of the Arab population. Such assertions are without basis in fact: They both deny awareness on the part of early Zionists of the presence of Arabs in Palestine and exaggerate the coalescence of a Palestinian national identity, which in reality only developed in reaction to Zionist immigration. Nor is it true, as many anti-Zionists still assert, that early Zionists widely employed the phrase".

For a thorough study of land claims and ownership issues, see: Hillel Cohen, Army of Shadows: Palestinian Collaboration with Zionism, 1917-1948 (University of California Press 2008 -translated from the 2004 original by Haim Watzman).
"... thousands of Palestinians did sell land to Jews, and people from the very heart of the national movement contacted Zionist activists and assisted them. To ignore this is to disregard an essential feature of the history of the Palestinian people and of Jewish-Arab relations in Mandatory Palestine ...". (
Hillel Cohen, Army of Shadows, p. 4.)

Moshe Shemesh, "The Palestinian Society in the Wake of the 1948 War: From Social Fragmentation to Consolidation", Israel Studies, Spring 2004, Vol. 9, No. 1.
For full online access to this article by Shemesh go to Locating Periodicals @ Texas State University Library.  A valid Texas StateUniversity User Name and password are required.

V. The Conflict: An Historical Perspective
1. Emergence of the Conflict
Readings:
Books
Mark Tessler, A History Of The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, pp. 123-184.
2. Two Societies in Palestine
Readings:
Books
Mark Tessler, A History Of The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, pp. 185-268.
3. Israeli Independence & the Palestinian *"Naqba" ("Catastrophe")
*Note: The term "nakba", especially in recent years, has come to be associated with the defeat of the Arabs in the 1948 War for Israeli independence.  The use of this term is generally attributed to the book by Qustantin Zurayq, The Meaning of the Disaster (originally published in Arabic in 1948/English translation in 1956 Winder, Khayat, Beirut) in the aftermath of the Arab defeat by Israeli forces.  Zurayq was an ardent advocate of Arab nationalism and a Greek Othodox Christian from Syria.  Zurayq noted the need for all Arabs to recognize the important role of Islam in their cultural identity no matter what their actual religion.
See: Sylvia G. Haim (ed.), Arab Nationalism: An Anthology
(University of California Press, 1962), pp. 57-58 & Chapter 14; G. E. von Grunebaum, Modern Islam: The Search for Cultural Identity (1962, Vintage Edition, 1964), pp. 344-346.

Whatever its current associations, there is evidence of use of the term "nakba" prior to 1948.  George Antonius, widely referred to as an early and influential observer of Arab nationalism, in his book, The Arab Awakening: The Story of the Arab National Movement (First published in 1938), states:
The year 1920 has an evil name in Arab annals: it is referred to as the Year of the Catastrophe (Am al-Nakba). It saw the first armed risings that occurred in protest against the post-War settlement imposed by the Allies on the Arab countries. In that year, serious outbreaks took place in Syria, Palestine, and Iraq.” (p. 312) [boldface & underline added] See:
Google book search @ this location.
For background on George Antonius, see: this essay by Martin Kramer.

Readings:

Books

Mark Tessler, A History Of The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, pp. 273-335.

Articles

Efraim Karsh, "The Palestinians & the Right of Return", Commentary, May 2001

For full online access to this article by Karsh go to
Locating Periodicals @ Texas State University Library.  A valid Texas StateUniversity User Name and password are required.
Hillel Halkin/The Jewish State & Its Arabs/Commentary, January 2009, Vol. 127, No. 1, pp. 30-37.  This link provides direct access to this article @ the Texas State University Library. A valid Texas State University User Name and password are required.
4. The Conflict Through June 1967
Books

Mark Tessler, A History Of The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, pp. 336-397.

VI. Jerusalem (Yerushaleyem/al-Quds)
Readings:
Articles
Bernard Wasserstein/The Politics Of Holiness In Jerusalem/The Chronicle of Higher Education/September 21 2001
Amos Elon/The Deadlocked City/The New York Review of Books/October 18 2001
Elon's article is a review essay of Bernard Wasserstein/Divided Jerusalem: The Struggle for the Holy City (Yale 2001)
For a different perspective, see: Daniel Pipes/The Muslim Claim to Jerusalem/Middle East Quarterly/Fall 2001
See also:

Emmanuel Navon/We Forget Thee, Jerusalem/Azure Autumn 2007, No. 30.  A review essay of "How Dreadful Is This Place!" Holiness, Politics, and Justice in Jerusalem and the Holy Places in Israel by Shmuel Berkovitz (Carta Jerusalem, 2006, Hebrew).

VII. The Conflict After 1967
1. Israelis & Palestinians
Readings:
Books
Mark Tessler, A History Of The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, Part IV.
2. Israelis, Palestinians, the Arab States, & Peace Efforts
Readings:
Books
Itamar Rabinovich, Waging Peace: Israel and the Arabs 1948-2003, the entire book.
Articles
Michael Scott Doran/Palestine, Iraq, & American Strategy/Foreign Affairs/January-February 2003
Josef Joffee/A World Without Israel/Foreign Policy, January-February, 2005

VIII. Additional Dimensions Of The Conflict
1. Israel Among The Nations: The New Anti-Semitism
Readings:
Articles
Bernard-Henri Levy/The Task Of The Jews (On the new anti-Semitism)/The American Interest/Vol. IV, No. 1, September-October 2008
Anne Bayefsky/Speech at a U.N. conference on Confronting Anti-Semitism: Education for Tolerance and Understanding/Wall Street Journal/June 21 2004
Natan Sharansky/Anti-Semitism in 3-D/Differentiating legitimate criticism of Israel friom the so-called new anti-Semitism/haGalil.com
Neil J. Kressel/The Urgent Need to Study Islamic Anti-Semitism/The Chronicle Of Higher Education/March 12, 2004
Robert S.Wistrich/Muslim Anti-Semitism: A Clear and Present Danger/The American Jewish Committee/Anti-Semitism-Publications/April 2002
Ruth Wisse, "The Brilliant Failure of Jewish Foreign Policy" Azure, Winter 2001 @ http://www.jafi.org.il/education/azure/10/10-wisse.html
Cynthia Ozick, "The Modern 'Hep! Hep! Hep!" New York Observer, May 10, 2004 @ http://www.up.edu/portlandmag/2004_fall/hephephep/hep_txt.html
2. Palestinians After Arafat

Readings:
Articles
Barry Rubin/After Arafat/The Middle East Quarterly/Spring 2004 Vol. XI No.2.

Efraim Karsh, "Arafat Lives", Commentary
, January, 2005
For full online access to this article by Efraim Karsh go to
Locating Periodicals @ Texas State University Library.  A valid Texas StateUniversity User Name and password are required.

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Academic Honesty Statement/Texas State University

Learning and teaching take place best in an atmosphere of intellectual freedom and openness. All members of the academic community are responsible for supporting freedom and openness through rigorous personal standards of honesty and fairness. Plagiarism and other forms of academic dishonesty undermine the very purpose of the university and diminish the value of an education.
Academic Offenses
Students who have committed academic dishonesty, which includes cheating on an examination or other academic work to be submitted, plagiarism, collusion, or abuse of resource materials, are subject to disciplinary action.
a. Academic work means the preparation of an essay, thesis, report, problem assignments, or other projects which are to be submitted for purposes of grade determination.
b. Cheating means:
1. Copying from another student’s test paper, laboratory report, other report or computer files, data listing, and/or programs.
2. Using materials during a test unauthorized by person giving test.
3. Collaborating, without authorization, with another person during an examination or in preparing academic work.
4. Knowingly, and without authorization, using, buying, selling, stealing, transporting, soliciting, copying, or possessing, in whole or part, the content of an unaministered test.
5. Substituting for another student—or permitting another person to substitute for oneself in taking an exam or preparing academic work.
6. Bribing another person to obtain an unadministered test or information about an unadministered test.
c. Plagiarism means the appropriation of another’s work and the unacknowledged incorporation of that work in one’s own written work offered for credit. (Underline Added)
d. Collusion means the unauthorized collaboration with another person in preparing written work offered for credit.
e. Abuse of resource materials means the mutilation, destruction, concealment, theft or alteration of materials provided to assist students in the mastery of course materials.
Penalties for Academic Dishonesty
Students who have committeed academic dishonesty may be subject to:
a. Academic penalty including one or more of the following when not inconsistent:
1. A requirement to perform additional academic work not required of other students in the course;
2. Required to withdraw from the course with a grade of “F.” (Underline Added)
3. A reduction to any level grade in the course, or on the exam or other academic work affected by the academic dishonesty.
b. Disciplinary penalty including any penalty which may be imposed in a student disciplinary hearing pursuant to this Code of Conduct.

This statement is taken from the Texas State University San Marcos Student Handbook.
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